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51.
Synthesis and excretion of Bacillus stearothermophilus alpha-amylase is analyzed in fed-batch cultivations of Escherichia coli JM103[pMK79] and E. coli JM103[pMK57], the former strain containing the plasmid-encoded Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) gene (vgb) and the latter strain being devoid of this gene. Fed-batch operation is observed to be substantially superior to batch operation as concerns the alpha-amylase production rate and the extent of excretion of the enzyme. Faster feeding of a nutrient medium (LB or M9) discourages synthesis of alpha-amylase. While synthesis of alpha-amylase in the vgb(-) strain is discouraged when oxygen availability is reduced, the reverse is the case with the vgb(+) strain, the promotion of alpha-amylase synthesis in the latter strain being linked to the synthesis of VHb. Increased availability of the principal carbon source (glucose) in a defined medium leads to overproduction of both alpha-amylase and VHb under oxygen limitation, which may be responsible for the segregational instability observed with the vgb(+) strain. The very high extents of excretion of alpha-amylase attained in fed-batch cultures are encouraging for downstream processing of the recombinant protein. 相似文献
52.
Salicylic acid increased aldose reductase activity and sorbitol accumulation in tomato plants under salt stress 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
I. Tari G. Kiss A. K. Deér J. Csiszár L. Erdei Á. Gallé K. Gémes F. Horváth P. Poór Á. Szepesi L. M. Simon 《Biologia Plantarum》2010,54(4):677-683
Increased aldose reductase (ALR) activities were detected in the leaf tissues of tomato plants grown for 3 weeks in culture medium containing 10?7 or 10?4 M salicylic acid (SA), and in the roots after the 10?4 M SA pretreatment. The ALR activity changed in parallel with the sorbitol content in the leaves of the SA-treated plants. Salt stress elicited by 100 mM NaCl enhanced the accumulation of sorbitol in the leaves of control plants and as compared with the untreated control the sorbitol content in the SA-pretreated leaves remained elevated under salt stress. DEAE cellulose anionexchange column purification of the protein precipitated with 80 % (NH4)2SO4 revealed two enzyme fractions with ALR activity in both the leaf and the root tissues. The fraction of the leaf extract that was not bound to the column reacted with glucose and glucose-6-P as substrates, whereas glucose was not a substrate for the bound fraction or for root isoenzymes. The root enzyme was less sensitive to salt treatment: 50 mM NaCl caused 30 % inhibition in the leaf extract, whereas the enzyme activity of the root extract was not affected. It is suggested that increased ALR activity and sorbitol synthesis in the leaves of SA-treated tomato plants may result in an improved salt stress tolerance. 相似文献
53.
William G Miller Irene V Wesley Stephen LW On Kurt Houf Francis Mégraud Guilin Wang Emma Yee Apichai Srijan Carl J Mason 《BMC microbiology》2009,9(1):196
Background
Arcobacter spp. are a common contaminant of food and water, and some species, primarily A. butzleri and A. cryaerophilus, have been isolated increasingly from human diarrheal stool samples. Here, we describe the first Arcobacter multilocus sequence typing (MLST) method for A. butzleri, A. cryaerophilus, A. skirrowii, A. cibarius and A. thereius. 相似文献54.
Doreen Heerd Canan Tari Marcelo Fernández-Lahore 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2014,98(17):7471-7481
Strain improvement is a powerful tool in commercial development of microbial fermentation processes. Strains of Aspergillus sojae which were previously identified as polygalacturonase producers were subjected to the cost-effective mutagenesis and selection method, the so-called random screening. Physical (ultraviolet irradiation at 254 nm) and chemical mutagens (N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine) were used in the development and implementation of a classical mutation and selection strategy for the improved production of pectic acid-degrading enzymes. Three mutation cycles of both mutagenic treatments and also the combination of them were performed to generate mutants descending from A. sojae ATCC 20235 and mutants of A. sojae CBS 100928. Pectinolytic enzyme production of the mutants was compared to their wild types in submerged and solid-state fermentation. Comparing both strains, higher pectinase activity was obtained by A. sojae ATCC 20235 and mutants thereof. The highest polygalacturonase activity (1,087.2?±?151.9 U/g) in solid-state culture was obtained by mutant M3, which was 1.7 times increased in comparison to the wild strain, A. sojae ATCC 20235. Additional, further mutation of mutant M3 for two more cycles of treatment by UV irradiation generated mutant DH56 with the highest polygalacturonase activity (98.8?±?8.7 U/mL) in submerged culture. This corresponded to 2.4-fold enhanced polygalacturonase production in comparison to the wild strain. The results of this study indicated the development of a classical mutation and selection strategy as a promising tool to improve pectinolytic enzyme production by both fungal strains. 相似文献
55.
56.
Background
Allergic rhinitis and asthma are conditions of airway inflammation that often coexist.Discussion
In susceptible individuals, exposure of the nose and lungs to allergen elicits early phase and late phase responses. Contact with antigen by mast cells results in their degranulation, the release of selected mediators, and the subsequent recruitment of other inflammatory cell phenotypes. Additional proinflammatory mediators are released, including histamine, prostaglandins, cysteinyl leukotrienes, proteases, and a variety of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Nasal biopsies in allergic rhinitis demonstrate accumulations of mast cells, eosinophils, and basophils in the epithelium and accumulations of eosinophils in the deeper subepithelium (that is, lamina propria). Examination of bronchial tissue, even in mild asthma, shows lymphocytic inflammation enriched by eosinophils. In severe asthma, the predominant pattern of inflammation changes, with increases in the numbers of neutrophils and, in many, an extension of the changes to involve smaller airways (that is, bronchioli). Structural alterations (that is, remodeling) of bronchi in mild asthma include epithelial fragility and thickening of its reticular basement membrane. With increasing severity of asthma there may be increases in airway smooth muscle mass, vascularity, interstitial collagen, and mucus-secreting glands. Remodeling in the nose is less extensive than that of the lower airways, but the epithelial reticular basement membrane may be slightly but significantly thickened.Conclusion
Inflammation is a key feature of both allergic rhinitis and asthma. There are therefore potential benefits for application of anti-inflammatory strategies that target both these anatomic sites.57.
58.
59.
In vivo and in situ visualization of early physiological events induced by heavy metals in pea root meristem 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Nóra Lehotai Andrea Pető Szilvia Bajkán László Erdei Irma Tari Zsuzsanna Kolbert 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2011,33(6):2199-2207
Heavy metals (HMs) are toxic pollutants, which can negatively affect the physiological processes of plants; moreover, HMs
can be present in the food chain endangering people’s health. The aim of this study was to investigate the early physiological
events during HM exposure in the root tips of the food plant Pisum sativum L. Ten-day-old pea plants were treated with 100 μM CdCl2 or CuSO4, in nutrient solution for 48 h. We studied the rapid formation of different reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide H2O2 and superoxide radical O2·−) and reactive nitrogen species (nitric oxide NO· and peroxynitrite ONOO−) together with membrane damage and cell death in the meristem cells of pea roots using in vivo and in situ microscopic methods.
In our experimental system, copper and cadmium induced the formation of H2O2 and NO. Two hours of heavy metal treatments resulted in an increased O2·− formation; however, later the level of this reactive molecule dramatically decreased. We found that high levels of NO were
needed for ONOO− production under HM exposure. A fast loss of membrane integrity and decreased cell viability were detected in root tips of
copper-treated plants. The effects of cadmium seemed to be slower compared to copper, but this non-essential metal also caused
cell death. We concluded that viability decreased when NO and H2O2 levels were simultaneously high in the same tissues. Using the NO scavenger it was also evidenced that NO generation is essential
for cell death induction under copper or cadmium stress. 相似文献
60.
Theodore C. Jessop James E. Tarver Marianne Carlsen Amy Xu Jason P. Healy Alexander Heim-Riether Qinghong Fu Jerry A. Taylor David J. Augeri Min Shen Terry R. Stouch Ronald V. Swanson Leslie W. Tari Michael Hunter Isaac Hoffman Philip E. Keyes Xuan-Chuan Yu Maricar Miranda Qingyun Liu Jonathan C. Swaffield Kenneth G. Carson 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2009,19(23):6784-6787
A series of deoxycytidine kinase inhibitors was simultaneously optimized for potency and PK properties. A co-crystal structure then allowed merging this series with a high throughput screening hit to afford a highly potent, selective and orally bioavailable inhibitor, compound 10. This compound showed dose dependent inhibition of deoxycytidine kinase in vivo. 相似文献